CHARLIE THE CAT ( ANECDOT )

Charlie the cat was scampering all over the neighbourhood - down alleys, up fire escapes, down cellars.
A lady who knew Charlie's owner knocked on his door.
"Your cat is running around like mad " she said.
"I know ," said the man . "He's  just been neutered and he's rushing around cancelling engagement."


scampering        :   berlari - lari
down alleys        : turun ke jalan
up fire escapes  : naik ke cerobong asap
down cellars       : turun ke lantai bawah
 neutered            : dikebiri
rushing around   : berlari kesana kemari
engagement       : pertunangan


Charlie si kucing berlari - lari ke sekeliling lingkungan, turun ke jalan naik ke cerobong asap, turun ke lantai bawah.
Seorang wanita yang kebetulan tahu pemilik Charlie mengetuk pintu rumahnya.
"Kucing Anda berlari ke sana ke mari " katanya.
"saya tahu," kata pria pemilik Charlie "Kucing itu baru saja dikebiri dan dia berlari ke sana ke mari ingin membatalkan pertunangannya." 
 
 
 

Auxiliary Verbs : Using Two – Word Verbs

 Penggunaan AUXILIARY setelah BUT dan AND

Contoh kalimat :

I don’t like coffee, but my husband does

I like tea, but my husband does not.

Mary won’t be here tomorrow, but Alice will.

I’ve already seen that movie, but John Hasn’t

Penjelasan :

~ pola kalimat seperti yang terdapat pada contoh – contoh diatas table, digunakan untuk menghindari pengulangan kata kerja ( repetition of main verb )

~ aturan – aturan untuk menggunakan pola kalimat dalam table adalah sebagai berikut :

Negative     +     but     +   affirmative

Affirmative   +    but    +   negative

Negative      +     and     +  negative

Affimative   +   and     +  affirmative

Pelajari contoh – contoh berikut :

•     I haven’t finished studying yet, but tom has
•     I have a car, but dik doesn’t
•      I have to studying tonight, but mary does not

Penjelasan :

~ dalam contoh a, HAVE berfungsi sebagai auxiliary dari kata kerja finish, maka auxiliary setelah BUT adalah HAS.

~ dalam contoh b, Have berfungsi sebagai kata kerja utama maka auxiliary setelah BUT ialah Do/Does

~ dalam contoh c, walaupun HAVE TO berfungsi sebagai auxiliary, selalu diikuti oleh kata kerja utama, maka auxiliary setelah BUT ialah DOES

Penggunaan AND   +    TOO, SO, EITHER, NEITHER

AND ….. TOO 

~~ Sue likes milk, and tom does too      (   And    +   S    +  aux  +  too  )

AND  SO ……

~~  Sue likes milk, and so does Tom   (  And   +   so   +  aux    +   S  )

AND  ….  EITHER 

~~ Mary doesn’t like milk, and John doesn’t either  ( and  +  S   +    aux   +   EITHER  )

AND  NEITHER ….. 

~~ Mary doesn’t like milk, and neither does John. ( AND  + NEITHER  + aux  +  S )

Contoh dalam percakapan :

A : I am hungry

B : I am too

A : I’m hungry

B : so am I

A : I don’t like hot dogs

B : I don’t either

A : I don’t like hotdogs

B : Neither do I

A : I’m hungry

B : me too ( informal )

A : I don’t like hot dogs

B : Me neither ( informal )

Catatan :

~ TOO / SO ( =juga ) digunakan dengan kalimat positif

Pola kalimat :  Suject   +  auxiliary  +  too

                          So   +  auxiliary   +   subject

~ NEITHER / NOT  +  EITHER   ( = Juga tidak  ) dinyatakan dengan kalimat negative

Pola kalimat  :  Subject  + auxiliary + not   +  either

                            Neither  + auxiliary   + subject      


SUMBER GAMBAR                                                                                                                                                                               
Ilustrasi 1
Ilustrasi 2

 

What Time Is IT ? ( Pukul Berapa? )

Sebelum memulai ke materi bias kita perhatikan percakapan berikut ini.

A : Excus me, can you tell me the correct tome?  

     Maafkan saya, bisakah anda member tahu saya waktu yang benar?

B : Yes, I can. It’s seven o’clock

      Ya, saya bisa. Sekarang pukul tujuh

A : Is you watch fast or slow ?

     Apakah arloji anda cepat atau lambat?

B : maybe my watch is slow.

     Mungkin  arloji saya lambat

A : I must be in office at 7.30.

      Saya harus berada di kantor pukul 7.30

Ungkapan yang anda katakan berkaitan dengan menanyakan waktu atau jam

I’m sorry, my watch is broken ( maaf, arloji saya rusak )

I have no watch (saya tidak mempunyai arloji )

Is your husband ’s watch out of order ? ( apakah arloji suami anda rusak )

His watch has stopped ( arlojinya mati )

Will you be on time? ( akankah anda ada pada waktunya )

I used to have lunch at 12.30 every day. ( saya biasa makan siang pukul 12.30 setiap hari )

I want to know what time is it now ? ( saya mau tahu pukul berapa sekarang ? )

We finish working at 5.00 ( kami selesai bekerja pukul 5.00 )

What time is it ? ( pukul berapa sekarang ? )

It’s                  one              o’clock            =   pukul Satu

                       Two                                    =              dua

                      Ten                                       =             sepuluh

Am : dari kata Ante Meridem   artinya sebelum tengah hari  ( 12.00 siang )

Pm  : dari kata Post Meridem  artinya sesudah tengah hari ( 12.00 siang ) sampai pukul 12.00 malam

Pukul 13.30 berarti 1.30 siang, nah bahasa Inggrisnya : it’s 1.30 p.m. ( it is one thirty p.m. ). Demikian juga penggunaan a.m. 

Perhatikan!

Bila jam menunjukkan tepat kita gunakan sharp atau exactly.

It is ten o’clock sharp :  sekarang pukul 10 tepat

It is exactly  ten o’clock : sekarang pukul sepuluh tepat.

Bila kurang gunakan kata “TO”. Ada dua macam cara mengatakannya, dan o’clock  tidak diucapkan atau ditulis.

Contoh :

Pukul 5.53 bisa kita katankan dalam bahasa inggris :

~  it’s seven minutes to six

~ it’s five fifty three

Pukul  7.40 bisa kita katankan dalam bahasa inggris :

~ it’s twenty minutes to eight .

~ it’s seven fourty

Bila lewat, gunakan kata “PAST”. Ada dua macam cara mengatakannya dan kata minutes boleh dihilangkan :

Pukul 5.05 bisa kita katakana dalam bahasa Inggris :

~ it’s five past five

~ It’s five five

Pukul 10.10 bisa kita katakana dalam bahasa inggris :

~ It’s ten pas ten

~It’s ten ten.

Bila lewat setengah bisa kita gunakan  “HALF PAST “

Pukul 6.30    dapat kita katakana dalam bahasa Inggris :

~ It’s half past six

~ It’s Six Thirty

Pukul 10.30 bisa kita katakana :

~ It’s Half past ten

~ It’s ten thirty

Bila kurang seperempat, gunakan “A QUARTER TO “ ada dua cara mengatakannya.

Contoh :

Pukul 3.45

~ it’s a quarter to four

~ It’s three fourty five

Pukul 9.45

It’s a quarter to ten

It’s nine fourty five

Bila lewat seperempat, gunakan “ A QUARTER PAST “ ada dua macam cara mengatakannya

Contoh :

Pukul 5.15

~ It’s a quarter past five

~ it’s five fifteen

Sekian postingan kali ini semoga bermanfaat.

Expressing Likes and Dislikes

bacalah dialog berikut

Khalid is in the station canteen.
Assistant   : what would you like ?
Khalid      : what is there?
assistant   : there's bacon, egg an chips
Khalid      : No, thanks. i don't eat bacon. I'm a moslem.
Assistant  : oh, Sorry. would you like Chicken salad, then?
Khalid      : No, thanks. I don't really like chicken.
Assistant   : what about beans on toast ?
Khalid       : Yes, please. I'm Quite keen on that.

Bambang and Yuda are talking about television programes

Yuda        :  What television program do you like most ?
Bambang  :  I'm really fond of watching  the family Seratus quiz.
Yuda         : oh, are you?  i'm not really keen on it. Don't you think One stop football is interesting? I never
                    miss it.
Bambang   : oh, don't you? I really hate watching them.


berikut ini beberapa ungkapan untuk mengekspresikan kesukaan dan ketidaksukaan

• I'm quite keen on that
• I'm really fond of watching the Family Seratus Quiz
• I don't really like chicken
• I really hate watching them
• I'm not keen on it.

1. Stating likes

• I really like ( her/fried fish/ playing football, etc )
• I'm quite keen on ( Chess/Sandwich/hiking etc. )
• I'm fond of ( candy/sports/ watching football match ) 
• I find ( the story interesting / fishing quite enjoyable. )

2. Agreeing with likes

• so do I
• Oh, yes, I do too
• so am I
• oh yes, I am too
• yes, it's interestng/fantastic/great/enjoyable, isn't it?

3. Disagreeing with likes

• oh, do you? I don't really
• Oh, are you? I'm not really
• Oh, really?

4. stating dislikes

• I really don't like ( seafood/watching war films )
• I hate ( Mr. X / telling lies )
• I dislikes classical
• i don't find hiking very good

5. Agreeing with dislikes

• neither am I
• neither do I
• Yes, it's aweful, isn't it?

6. Disagreeing with dislikes

• oh, really?
• oh, don't you? I really like, myself actually
• oh, aren't you? I'm quite keen on........, myself acctually.

sekian postingan kali ini, semoga bermanfaat.

Anecdot Bloody Nose

       Nine years old  Aaron came home from the playground with a bloody nose, black eye and torn clothing. It was obvious he'd been in a bad fight and lost. while his father was patching him up, he asked his son what happened.
      'Well, Dad, ' said Aaron , 'I challenged Larry to a duel. and you know, I gave him his choice weapons.'
      'Uh-huh,' said the father , 'that seems fair'
      ' I know, but i never thought he'd choose his Sister.'





Bloody          :  berdarah
Obious          :  jelas, nyata
lost                : kalah
Patching up   : menghibur
duel               : duel, perkelahian satu lawan satu

      Aaron yang berusia sembilan tahun pulang ke rumah dari taman bermain dengan hidung berdarah, mata lebam dan pakaian sobek. Jelas kelihatan bahwa ia habis berkelahi dan kalah. Ketika ayahnya sedang menghiburnya, ia bertanya kepada anaknya apa yang terjadi.
      'Begini, Yah,' kata Aaron, 'Aku menantang Larry duel. Dan ayah tahu, aku memberinya pilihan senjata.
      'Mmm,' kata Ayahnya, ' kelihatannya adil.'
      'Memang, tetapi nggak tahunya senjata yang dipilihnya adalah saudara perempuannya!'

At The Hairdresser's

Dalam dialog ini menggunakan beberapa ungkapan :
* How can I help you?  ( mau apa? )

untuk maksud yang sama dapat kita katakan :
What can I do for you?
Can I help you?
Anything I can do for you?

* I'd like to have my hair permed. ( saya ingin rambut saya dikeriting )

untuk maksud yang sama dapat kita katakan :
I'd like to have a body permed


contoh dialog
A mother has, Mrs. Indira and her daughter, Devi, who has long - hair are in a hairdresser's.
Ibu, Ny. Indira dan anak perempuannya, Devi, yang berambut panjang berada di salon.

Nana ( hairdresser ) : Good afternoon Mrs. Indira. how can i help you ?
                                 selamat siang ibu Indira. Ibu mau apa?

Mrs. Indira : I'd like to have my hair permed. and Devi needs a cream bath  and hair cut.
                    saya ingin rambut saya dikeriting dan rambut devi dicreambath dan di potong.
Nana          : Okay, look, there is only one seat left vacant. so i think you'd better take it, madam.
                     now  let's wash your hair first. we will see to Devi after you.
                     Baiklah, nah , hanya tinggal satu kursi yang kosong . jadi, lebih baik ibu dulu yang 
                     duduk. silahkan cuci rambut dahulu. Devi akan kami layani setelah ibu.
( the daughter waits while her mother has her hairwashed )

Nana         : How would you like your hair styled, madam? here, there are several hair style magazines for
                   you to look at.
                   ibu mau model apa? ini ada beberapa majalah tata rambut untuk ibu lihat.
Mrs. Indira : well, you know me. nana , same as usual. ( she chuckles ) Er... by the way, what do you think
                    about Devi's hair? do you think it had better be layered so that it doesn't look so thin?
                    anda tahu saya kan, nana. sama seperti biasa ( ia mendecak ) ehm, omong - omong 
                   menurut anda bagaimana rambut Devi? Apakah lebih baik di trap supaya tidak 
                   kelihatan tipis?
Nana          : I think so. when the hair is in good condition again, it can be permed a little to make it look
                    a bit thicker. well  I think Devi can have her turn now ( pointing to an empty seat )
                    saya pikir begitu. bila rambutnya sudah tidak rusak lagi,dapat dikeriting sedikit, supaya
                    kelihatan sedikit lebih tebal. nah, sekarang giliran Devi ( menunjuk ke arah tempat 
                    duduk yang kosong.

Wordlist  ( Daftar kata )
creambath : creambat
dyed  : dicat
in a bun : disanggul
layered : ditrap
permed : dikeriting


notes

Had better  ('d better) ( lebih baik )

pola   ;   Had Better   +   Verb

contoh : Your hair'd better be cutdown  ( rambutmu lebih baik dipotong )

bentuk negatifnya :

 pola   :   Had Better   +  Not  + verb

contoh :  You'd better not do it  ( lebih baik kamu tidak melakukan hal itu )

sekian postingan kali ini, semoga bermanfaat.

Expressing Command and Porhibition

Read the dialogue below

To keep sanitation at home, Mrs. Sari always keep the floor clean. She has just finished mopping the floor.

Mrs. Sari   :  Be carefull, darling. You may not walk, the floor is still wet.

Soni            : well, I’d better put my sandal off.

Mrs. Sari   : all right, mind your steps. Don’t walk hurily

Soni           : don’t worry mom.

The Command Expression

These are the sentences taken from the dialogue above

You may not walk

Don’t walk hurily

Don’t worry

Mind your steps

There are two ways of expressing command. Which are :

     1. Positive command

For positive command we use  :  INFINITIVE      +      OBJECT

Example :

Mind your steps

Mop the floor

Brush your teeth

Wash your hand

22. Negative command ( Prohibition )

For negative command we use :

a.       DON NOT ( DON’T )  +  INFINITIVE      ( + OBEJECT )

Don’t  walk hurily

Don’t throw rubbish into river

Don’t smoke

Don’t enter without permission

b.      SUBJECT    + MAY NOT  + INVINITIVE  ( + OBJECT )  = ( not allowed to )

You may not walk on the wet floor

You mat not eat greedily

You may not take the food with dirty hands

You may not drink cold water too much

c.       SUBJECT   + MUST NOT   +  INVINITIVE  ( + OBJECT  )  = ( forbidden to )

You must not let your room dirty

You must not leave the food lying around

You must not eat contaminated food

You must not take the drugs without any prescription

Expresions Of Greeting , Leave Taking And Intoducing

Berikut ini beberpa contoh ucapan untuk mengakhiri sebuah obrolan.

Study the expressions of greeting , leave – taking ( closing ) and the responses below

Greetings                                       Responses            ( More Formal )

Good morning                                  Good morning

Good afternoon                                Good afternoon

Good evening                                   Good  Evening

Good night                                       Good Night

Greetings                                       Responses       ( Formal )

How nice to see you                         yes, It’s been quite nice

Hello                                                hello

How are you ?                                 fine, thanks

Hi                                                    hi 

Greetings                                      Responses   ( less formal )

How’ve you been?                          Pretty good

How’re you doing ?                        not bad

Long time no see                            yeah

Preclosings                                  Responses

It’s been a pleasure                       yes, I’ve enjoyed it

I really must go now                      thank you for coming

Nice to see you                             nice to see you, too

Closings                                        responses

Until the next time                         Good bye

Good night                                   good night

Good bye                                    good bye

See you later                               so long

Bye                                             bye

Expression Of Introducing  Oneself

How do you do ?  I am .....

Let me introduce myself. I am ....

Allow me to introduce myself. I am...

I'm sorry  ( excuse me ). I don't  think we have met before. I am ....

Hello, friends. May I introduce  myself? I am....

Note :  I am or  My name Is   followed by one's name

How to Introduce yourself.

you can tell him/ her about :

• your name ( nick name and full name )
• your parent's name
• your adress
• your place and date of birth
• your religion
• your hobbies
• your favorite colour, music, artist, food, etc.

for example :

Let me introduce myself. I am Amirah Nur Afika Rajabani, but you can call me Amirah. My father name's is Mr. Rukmana, and my Mother name's is Nurbani. I live in Geger Kalong Girang Bandung. I was born in New York City, 25th December 1995. I am a muslim, my hobbies are read a novel, sing a song and listen to the music. my favorite music is Pop. my favorite song is "By My side" from David Choi. My favorite color is Black. okay, I think that's all for me. thank you for your attention. 


sekian postingan kali ini, mengenai ungkapan untuk memulai sebuah obrolan, mengakhiri obrolan, dan memperkenalkan diri. semoga bermanfaat.